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Biological Safety Cabinet : A Buying Guide

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Biological Safety Cabinets & Their Types

Biological Safety Cabinets

Biological safety cabinets(BSC) protect personnel and the environment from exposure to infectious agents and hazardous particulates during laboratory procedures.Based on the level of personnel and environmental protection provided and the level of product protection provided,BSCs are classified into three classes.The biological safety cabinet class II is currently the most commonly used in laboratories.Except for Class I, the other two types can provide protection for the sample.

Biological Safety Cabinets vs Clean Bench vs Lab Fume Hood

Different hoods are designed to address specific lab risks, but they differ in how they protect, how air flows, and where they should be used.
1.Biological Safety Cabinet: Protects the operator, the sample, and the environment. Used for handling biohazardous or infectious materials.
2.Clean Bench: Protects the sample by providing clean air; does not protect the operator. Used for non-hazardous, particle-sensitive work.
3.Lab Fume Hood: Protects the operator by exhausting harmful gases; does not protect the sample. Used for chemical handling.

Help You Choose

Help You Choose

Application Scenarios

Basic mcrobial oerations

Class I

BSL-1

Basic microbial operations
DNA / RNA extraction and purification

Class II A1

BSL-2

DNA / RNA extraction and purification
Cell culture

Class II A2

BSL-2

Cell culture
Pathogen detection in clinical samples

Class II B1

BSL-2/BSL-3

Pathogen detection in clinical samples
chemotherapy preparation

Class II B2

BSL-3

chemotherapy preparation
High-risk virus research

Class III

BSL-3/BSL-4

High-risk virus research

The working principle of a biological safety cabinet is mainly based on Maintaining Negative Pressure and using HEPA to protect personnel, samples, and the environment.


Maintaining Negative Pressure

Negative pressure refers to the pressure inside the cabinet being lower than the laboratory environment pressure, ensuring that the airflow always flows inward to prevent the leakage of pollutants.

BSC TypeRequired Negative Pressure Level
Class IBasic negative pressure (airflow barrier at sash)
Class II A1/A2Basic negative pressure (airflow barrier at sash)
Class II B1/B2Enhanced negative pressure (backflow prevention)
Class IIIAbsolute negative pressure (fully sealed)
BSC TypeRequired Negative Pressure Level


HEPA filtration

HEPA filtration is an efficiency standard of air filters. Common standards require that a HEPA air filter must remove—from the air that passes through—at least 99.95% (ISO, European Standard) of particles whose diameter is equal to 0.3 μm。

ClassClass IClass IIClass III
HEPAA1A2B1B2
Inflow FiltrationNoNoNoNoNoYes
Air supply filtrationNoYesYesYesYesYes
Exhaust filtration100% Cycle70% Cycle/30% Exhaust70% cycle/30% Exhaust40% Cycle/60% Exhaust0% Cycle/100% Exhaust0% Cycle/100% Exhaust
DuctNon-essentialNon-essentialNeedForce installationForce installationForce installation


Class II A2 & Class II B2

1.Why choose Class II A2 & Class II B2

Class II A1 feature a “positive pressure plenum” between the work area and the external environment, which cannot guarantee that contaminants will not leak out. The negative pressure–surround design of Class II A2 eliminates this risk and has largely replaced Class II A1.

The airflow pattern of Class II B1 (40% recirculation / 60% exhaust) is complex, increasing the likelihood of operator error and cross-contamination. In contrast, the 100% exhaust airflow mode of Class II B2 provides a safer and simpler design, making Class II B2 the preferred replacement for Class II B1.

2.Class II A2 or Class II B2

A2 Suitable for most microbiological applications, balancing safety and cost-effectiveness.
B2 Designed for work involving volatile toxic chemicals or radionuclides.

biological safety cabinet pdf

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  • TSC-1600IIA2 CLASS II TYPE A2 BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINET.pdf
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  • 2025-08-20
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FAQ

1. How should I start working in a BSC?

Turn on the cabinet, let it run for at least 5–10 minutes to purge the air, and arrange materials in a way that minimizes airflow disruption.

2. What practices should I avoid inside the BSC?

3. How often should I clean the BSC?

4. When does a BSC need filter replacement?

5. Can I use a BSC for chemical handling?

6. How should I maintain long-term performance of my BSC?


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